- 01Company account
- 02Personal account
- 03Document money between them
Use a dedicated business account and keep personal spending outside it. This is a practical bookkeeping habit, not a claim that every business must use one particular bank product. For a company, the money belongs to the company, even if you own all its shares.
01Give each transaction a clear home
Receive company customer payments into the company account. Pay company bills from it where possible. Keep a receipt and a short explanation of the business purpose.
If you already mixed accounts, make a list of exceptions. Do not quietly delete transactions to make the books look tidy.
02Reimburse an expense with evidence
Paid a company bill yourself? Keep the supplier invoice, proof of payment and an expense claim. Record what the company owes you, then match the reimbursement to that claim.
An expense is not automatically deductible just because it passed through a business account. IRAS' rules exclude private spending and treat capital items differently from ordinary business costs.
Have someone check unclear or mixed-use expenses before claiming them.
03Label transfers before they pile up
| Transfer | Question to answer |
|---|---|
| You fund the company | Is this documented share capital or a loan? |
| The company pays you back | Which expense claim or loan balance is it settling? |
| The company pays you | Is this salary, an approved fee, a dividend or something else? |
Get the correct documents and accounting treatment. A bank reference saying "owner transfer" is not enough to answer these questions.
04Do not use the company as a personal wallet
If the company paid a private bill, flag it promptly. It may need repayment or other properly reviewed treatment, not a business-expense deduction.
Loans to directors need a legal and tax check. Interest-free or subsidised loans can create taxable benefits. Recording a loan balance does not by itself make the loan legally permissible.
Ask before making the next personal withdrawal.
05Close the loop monthly
Match the bank statement to the books, attach missing evidence and review unpaid reimbursements or loans. Keep company tax records for at least five years from the relevant Year of Assessment, with longer retention where applicable.
Directors remain responsible for proper financial reporting. Set one monthly date to review the exceptions while you still remember them.